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Causative agent
- Salmonella gallinarum (Fowltyphoid, FT)
- Salmonella pullorum (pullorum disease, PD)
- Salmonella typhimurium. S. enteritis
Etc. (paratyphoid, PT)

differential diagnosis
- Avian colibacillosis
- Newcastle disease
- Infectious bursal disease
- Fowl plaque (Avian influenza)
- Fowl cholera
- Avian fungal pneumonia
- Avian staphylococcosis

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Alopecia is the partial or complete lack of hairs in areas where they are normally present. Hair loss is a sign and its underlying cause must be determined for the condition to be successfully treated. If a dog has hair loss and is also scratching the area excessively, the itching should be investigated first.

There are many causes of hair loss, which can be congenital or acquired. Congenital means the animal is born with the condition. Congenital hair loss may or may not be hereditary. It may be apparent at or shortly after birth. In acquired hair loss, the dog is born with normal hair coat. It has or had normal follicle at one time, and is or was capable of producing structurally normal hairs. Any disease that can affect hair follicles can cause hair loss. Acquired hair loss can be inflammatory or noninflammatory.

Disease that can directly cause destruction or damage to the hair shaft or follicle include bacterial, fungal or parasitic infections, skin trauma such as burns, and poisoning caused by mercury, thallium, or iodine. These diseases tend to be inflammatory. (continue reading…)

Ringworm is an infection of skin, hair, or claws caused by a type of fungus known as dermatophyte. Almost all of ringworm in cats caused by the fungus Microsporum canis. The fungi spread easily to people primarily by direct contact or contaminated objects. The infection happen depends on fungal species, and also host factors (age, health, nutrition, grooming habits).

Infected cats can develop circular, bald, scaly patches with broken hairs in ring-like whirls. The most common areas for ringworm are face, ear tips, tail, and feet. Your veterinarian will diagnose ringworm by fungal culture, UV lamp examination or microscopic examination. (continue reading…)

The most widely used disinfectant/detergent by veterinarians. Used for cleansing the operative site and the surgeon’s hands. Also used to clean and treat bacterial and fungal infections of the skin.

A specially formulated iodine solution for disinfecting animal skin, premises, and instruments. Contains 5% povidone Iodine. (continue reading…)

An antiseptic to aid in wound healing and in prevention of topical bacterial and fungal infections -including wounds, cuts, abrasions, ears, hooves, udders, declaws, ear cropping, navel dipping, tail docking, castrations and surgical site preparations.

A third generation iodine solution with high activity and low dermal toxicity for use on horses, dogs and farm animals.

Three times as active as povidone iodine and tincture of iodine.

Has a broader range of activity against bacterial and fungal infections.

Does not sting upon application. (continue reading…)

Brushing not only makes your pet’s coat look nice and shiny. It is vital for skin and overall health and provides you with the opportunity to spend some quality time with your dog. You will be able to check your dog closely for any problems during brushing. Move the hair aside and examine the skin closely for signs of flea, ticks or skin irritations. Check for mats, tangles, dandruff, etc.

When you brush, do a section at a time, brushing down to the skin on thick-coated dogs. To avoid coat breakage, only brush clean coats and mist with water or a mixture of water and coat conditioner. Mats and tangles can be carefully removed with de-matters and rakes or, if necessary, carefully cut out. If you are finding lots of mats, it’s a sure sign you are not grooming frequently enough. Don’t bathe until all mats and tangles are out. Combs are useful for the fine coat that grows around ears and for feathering. (continue reading…)